2019考研英语语法九大代词详解:不定代词(2)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，主干部分是The idea is one of those hypotheses。that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others是idea的同位语从句，that dare not speak its name是hypotheses的定语从句。

　　译文： 认为某些群体的智商要高于其他群体是一个无人敢说出来的假想。

　　5. every只能用作形容词，everyone指人，而every one既可以指物也可以指人。

　　例句： Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of practically every business operation in the whole country. (1998年第32题)

　　分析： 该句是简单句，本句隐含了一个与现在情况相反的虚拟语气，Without telephone相 当于if there were no telephone。

　　译文： 如果没有电话，全国几乎所有的商业运作都不可能正常进行。

　　例句： There is an incorrect assumption among scientists and medical people that everyone agrees on what constitutes a benefit to an individual.

　　分析： 该句是复合句，that everyone agrees on...作assumption的同位语从句，what constitutes a benefit to an individual作介词on的宾语。

　　译文： 科学家和医务人员普遍持有一种不正确的假设，即：人们在什么构成了个人利益问题上意见一致。

　　(三)one，the other和another

　　1. 两者中一个用one表示，另一个用the other表示，不定数目中的另一个用another表示。

　　例句： However， when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers， so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock， their behavior became markedly different. (选自2005年Text 1)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，主句部分为their behavior became markedly different。 when引 导的时间状语从句中又插入了so that引导的目的状语从句，从句中what the other...作observe的宾语。

　　译文： 但是当两只猴子被放在隔开但相邻的两个房间中，而且每只猴子还能看到对方用岩石交换了什么物品之后，他们的行为就发生了巨大变化。

　　例句： We had a party last month， and it was a lot of fun， so let's have another one this month.

　　分析： 该句是并列句。

　　译文： 上个月我们举行了一场晚会，很有意思。因此，我们这个月再举行一场类似的晚会吧。

　　2. 表示三者并对三者加以说明。

　　表达方法如下：

　　one...another...and the other

　　one...a second...and the third

　　例句： I have three sisters， one is a nurse， another (a second) is a teacher， and the other (and the third) is a doctor.

　　注： 表示四者并对四者都加以说明的表达方式是：one...another...a third...and the fourth (the other)...。

　　3. One作代词时，前用形容词或the，this，that，which，any，some，each，every等来修饰，另有one of the+复数名词+单数动词。

　　例句： That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught， so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. (选自2006年Text 3)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，means后的宾语从句省略了连接代词that，what is in the sea作介词 of的宾语，so引导的另一个分句中的the one代替前面的名词difference，分词短语recorded by...作后置定语修饰the one。

　　译文： 这意味着更高比例的海洋物种正在被捕捞，因此现在和过去的真正差异可能比根据渔获量的变化所记录的更糟糕。

　　例句： One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships dutifully follow traffic rules in busy harbors. (2001年第13题)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，从句that all ships...harbors作make sure的宾语。

　　译文： 海岸警卫队的责任之一就是确保所有船只在繁忙的港口严格遵守航运规则。