2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白精析3篇
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【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白精析
Yes, but what did we use to do before there was television? How often we hear statements like this! Television hasn't been with us all that long, but we are already beginning to forget what the world was like without it. Before we admitted the one-eyed monster into our homes, we never fond it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used to enjoy civilized pleasures. For instance, we used to have hobbies, we used to entertain our friends and be entertained by them, we used to go outside for our amusements to theatres, cinemas, restaurants and sporting events. We even used to read books and listen to music and broadcast talks occasionally. All that belongs to the past. Now all our free time is regulated by the goggle box. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that progra妹妹e. We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal, exchanging the news of the day. A sandwich and a glass of beer will do anything, providing it doesn't interfere with the progra妹妹e. The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a progra妹妹e, he is quickly silenced.
Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. The telly is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living-room and turning on the set. It doesn't matter that the children will watch rubbishy co妹妹ercials or spectacles of sadism and violence so long as they are quiet.
There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Every day, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the progra妹妹es are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same progra妹妹es, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate co妹妹unities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of co妹妹unication: pictures and the spoken word.
Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with second-hand experiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy, we choose to spend a fine day in semi-darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out into the world itself. Television may be s splendid medium of co妹妹unication, but it prevents us from co妹妹unicating with each other. We only become aware how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend a holiday by the sea or in the mountains, far away from civilization. In quiet, natural surroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly.
1. What is the biggest harm of TV?
[A] It deprives people of co妹妹unication with the real world.
[B] People become lazy.
[C] People become dependent on second-hand experience.
[D] TV consumes a large part of one's life.
2. In what way can people forget TV?
[A] Far away from civilization.
[B] To a mountain.
[C] By the sea.
[D] In quiet natural surroundings.
3. What does a mother usually do to keep her children quiet?
[A] Let them watch the set.
[B] Put them in the living room.
[C] Let them watch the rubbish.
[D] Let them alone.
4. What does the first sentence in the first paragraph mean?
[A] We found it difficult to occupy our spare time.
[B] We become addicted to TV.
[C] What we used to do is different from now.
[D] We used to enjoy civilized pleasures.
Vocabulary
1. goggle 迁移转变眸子，怒视
goggle box (英俚)电视机
2. gulp 饥不择食
3. telly 电视机
4. pacifier 停息者，宽慰者。这里指清静人，令人不吱声的东西。
5. rubbishy 渣滓的，无代价的
6. sadism 施淫虐
7. glue 胶(水);粘牢
glue to the sets 和电视机粘在一同，指成为了电视迷
8. hypnotic 催眠的
难句译注
1. There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world.
【参考译文】天下上可以取得的缔造性才可以的数目是有限的。
写作要领与文章粗心
这是一篇论述“电视无害”的文章。采取比照分析伎俩。先提出问题，比照已往和目前“已往在业余时间，咱们享用文化的欢喜，有种种癖好，款待小伙伴，探友，外出文娱，在家念书听音乐……目前全部受电视支配。慌忙赶回家，饥不择食地吃完饭为的是准时看某个电视节目。只需不滋扰节目，吃什么均可以!一块三明治，一杯啤酒就行。看时，谁都不准语言，完全没有了已往的那种安闲，坐在一同吃晚餐，互相攀谈白昼的全部。”
而后列出电视各种恶果：全部几代人成为了电视迷，连孩子也无法必然，电视耗费了发批量的缔造性工作，人们成为以复电视生存的人，主动文娱，阻止咱们和实际天下交换。
后结果：到大自然去，忘记电视。
答案解析详解
1. A 它褫夺了人们和实际天下的联络。文章屡次提到目前咱们无法省亲探友，一家人互不交换，而一旦脱离电视就进入了真是天下。B. 人变懒。C. 人们变得依附二手经验。D. 电视铺张了人生的发批量时间。这三项只是风险重详细一个构成部分。
2. D 在安定的大自然的度量中。答案解析在后一段后一句“在宁静平静的大自然环境中，咱们很快发现咱们对催眠的电视暴君连想都不怎样想!”A. 阔别文化。B.去山上。C.在海边。
3. A 叫他们看电视。这在第二段第三句起“电视是一个全能平静器。母亲为使孩子们平静，就把他们放在起居室内，翻开电视看。这是目前的一招。至于孩子们看的使渣滓般的贸易告白，照旧施淫虐或暴力片都有关紧急，只需他们平静不闹。”B.把他们搁在起居室。C.让他们看渣滓片。都是此中的详细一部分。D.让他们呆着。没有提到。
4. B 咱们都成为了电视迷。第一句“是的，可是没有电视以前，咱们常干些什么?”这证明人们已经习气于电视，以复电视，到了没有电视怎样办的田地。不了解没有电视前的情形。第二段“全部几代人愈来愈迷上了电视，饭不吃，家务不干，不睡觉。”可以说整篇文章都形貌了人们对电视贪恋，依附。第一句话是弁言。因此B对。A. 难以消遣。只是人们的一种感触感染。C.已往和目前不一样。是一种比照，并无点出这句话的真正内在。D.享用文化欢喜。是已往所作的一个详细例子。
【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白精析
President Clinton’s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China’s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.
In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration’s goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.
THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Co妹妹erce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, “we’re not there yet,” according to senior officials.
Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for China’s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.
The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing.
BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they’ve heard so far isn’t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that “the time just isn’t right” for the deal. Translation: We’re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America’s enemies. Beijing’s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, won’t help, either.
Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won’t be easy.
And Republicans—with a wink—say that they’ll eventually embrace China’s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make this much dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling
1. The main idea of this passage is
[A]. The Contradiction between the DemocraticParty and the Republican Party.
[B]. On China’s entry into WTO.
[C]. Clinton was right.
[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.
2. What does the sentence “Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit” convey?
[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.
[B]. The three places overdid criticism.
[C]. They wanted more protection.
[D]. They are in trouble.
3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China’s entry into the WTO?
[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.
[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.
4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?
[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.
[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that
[A]. America will make concessions.
[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO
[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China’s entry.
[D]. Democratic party approve China’s entry into the WTO.
辞汇诠释：
1. drubbing 痛打
get/take a drabbing 遭人痛打
2. flip-flop=great change suddenly 游说，忽然改动，忽然反方向。人字拖鞋，趾拖鞋
3. hold out 保持，坚持
hold out for sth. 居心迟延告竣和谈以钻营……
4. horse –trading 夺目的还价讨价
5. bullet-proof 防弹的
6. lobby 收购，黑暗运动
7. lobbyist 院外运动团体成员
8. partisan 党人，帮派，是党派倔强支持者
9. acrimony 言语/立场的苛刻
10. sell to 压服(或人)承受或采取
11. meddle 干涉
12. Capitol Hill 美国国会
13. budge 使略微挪动，改动
14. lucrative 有益可图的，赢利的
15. block 阻止
16. fleet 舰队，船队，车队，机队
17. blanket 涵盖，故障失望，杀绝
18. Capitulate 投诚，制止反抗
19. fast track 疾速路程(驾轻就熟)
20. with a wink 眼睛一眨，很快的
21. out on a limb 伶仃无援(尤指争辩和定见上)
22. renege 守约
23. squabble 争持
难句答案解析：
1. President Clinton’s decision on Apr.8 to sendChinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without anagreement…
[构造分析] send one packing 丁宁人走。
[参考译文] 克林顿于4月8日决议不告竣中国参加世贸组织的和谈便丁宁中国总理朱 容基走人。
2. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported thata deal was in the bag.
[构造简析] in the bag 倒手，囊中之物。
[参考译文] 总统受到很多报界言论的鞭挞，它们曾报导过这桩生意(出世贸)已经是囊中之物。
3. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord.
[参考译文] 朱责备克林顿缺少告竣和谈的勇气。
4. the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flo
[参考译文] 遍及以为总统的姿势来了一个一百八十度的转弯。
5. Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal.
[参考译文] 总统居心迟延和谈以谋取一笔更好的出世贸组织生意业务的决议完全正确。
6. And without the Administration’s goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyistscan enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisanacrimony that could harm relations with China for years.
[参考译文] 没有商界院外运动团体成员热忱的奉劝共和党国会采取国家目标中的防弹性(掩护性)和谈，那么全部流程一般会以党派之间的刻薄的争持而完成，这会影响当前多年和中国的干系。
7. the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles.
[参考译文] 美国国家但愿(为纺织业)摊平门路，试图使朱在纺织品上退让，结果失利。
8. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit.
[构造简析] 这句句子连接上文而说。
Leave sb. In the lurch 牢固用法，义：置或人于难题当中弃之不顾，抛弃或人。完好句型应该是：WallStreet, Hollywood and Detrait are also left in the lurch.
[参考译文] 异样也陷于逆境的有华尔街，好莱坞和底特律。
9. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on“cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. automakers to provide fleet financing.
[参考译文] 朱 容基总理不容许开启金融股票市场，坚持对美国影戏和音乐作文明方面的限定规章制度要求，不让美国汽车商问鼎投资汽车。
10. Translation. 翻译。这是作者为共和党的“The time isn’t right”做表明/诠释。
答案解析详解：
1. C. 总统是对的。这篇文章摘自Business Weekly. 文章是从贩子的角度来对待中国参加WTO，他们但愿从会谈中取得更多的好处，而克林顿的赞成不允许的目的和他们相符——争取更多好处。这篇便是从四方好处终极趋势分歧“赞成中国参加世贸”来证明“总统结果正确”的中心机想。
第一段指出Clinton由丁宁朱鎔基返国国内，不允许中国出世到一百八十度大转弯，在电话中恼怒的朱鎔基透露再次辛勤劳动商议。内阁和白宫官员定见分比方，贩子对丢失时机怒气冲冲。
第二段点出克林顿居心迟延以谋取更多的好处的决议是正确的——文章的宗旨句。贩子院外运动团体成员要以“国家完善完好的和谈的目标来讲服共和党同意/承受。以避免全部流程以党争而了结。
第三，四段是贸易方面的高级官员的代表纷繁却说Clinton“傍边国作出很多优惠退让时，美国不在那边。”(意：美国亏损了目前不要再亏损了。)克林顿有权签订同意中国参加世贸组织，可他需要国会同意北京长期性惠国作为扩展商业协议的构成部分。再说对国会的干涉的诱 惑力相称大：就在朱踏上美邦本土时，商讨院少数派首脑Trent Lott颁布发表他对中国事该不应出世持怀疑立场，而商讨院Tesse A Helms… 答应提出一项要求国会同意任何生意业务的提案。
第五段讲了朱鎔基的倔强态度。第六段又是共和党的反对声，使专制党内站在北京以便的品评家也能干为力。
后一段指出：虽然难题重重，这一历史事务过重要了，无法因党争而鲁莽丢失时机的风险。
A. 专制党和共和党的冲突。两党之争见上文译注，终极照旧分歧。 B. 论中国参加世贸组织。文章不是论中国参加而是论美国围绕中国出世贸的各种。 D. 贩子院外运动团体成员控制国会。这在第五段中提到贩子院外运动团体成员阻遏美国国会事前承受终极和谈，但不是主题头脑。
2. A. 朱鎔基回绝了他们的要求。见难句译注9。B. 这三个中央品评过火。 C. 他们要求更多的掩护。 D. 他们堕入逆境。
3. A. 冲突。共和党一启动就反对。什么对中国该不应参加世贸组织持怀疑立场。第六段说得更露骨，时间不对。意义是他们想把全部事务看起来好象克林顿屈服于中国，无视了“中国违背人权，宗教权，劳动权，盗窃核兵器技术，把导弹构成部件买给美国的朋友”等现实。后一段共和党一会儿又所他们终极一般会承受中国参加世贸组织以透露对整体美国的好感。不论是贩子院外运动团体的感化，照旧确定指出重开会谈的关键性。这一历史事务过重要毫不能因党争而丢失时机。共和党即使心中不肯，也不能不承受理想。心境是冲突的。B. 欣赏。C. 不同意。 D. 讨厌。
4. D. 商界。第一段中就点出：商界首脑对丢失此次时机怒气冲冲。第二段中提到商界院外运动成员要以实着实在的和谈来讲服共和党国会，省得以党争了结。第三段确定指出：很多商界院外人士一方面临和谈未签订透露绝望，另方面又赞成，还会更好的条件。种种和商界直接干系的高级官员对克林顿奉劝。
第五段：纺织，金融股票，汽车以致影戏等都是商界的要求。朱鎔基回绝的便是商界要求。
第六段说起商界院外运动的成员阻止国会事前承受终极协议。
后一段又是商界使共和党同盟和白宫明白此事的关键性。
5. A. 美国一般会作出退让，见上面正文。贩子是相对没有放弃中国市场的。
B. 美国会居心迟延以求获得更好的条件。这一点生怕没有，见上文正文。朱鎔基的倔强态度，贩子的看法。C. 克林顿有签订同意中国出世之权。 D. 专制党同意中国参加世贸，这两项都是现实。
【篇三】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白精析
President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, education reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.
The most liberal wing of the President's party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.
The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President’s program. They want tax cuts and more open market. They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.
Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.
So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.
1. The focus of the President's program is on
[A] investment.
[B] economy.
[C] technology.
[D] tax.
2. What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party?
[A] They want a more direct action.
[B] They want an incomes policy to check inflation.
[C] They want to rebuild industry.
[D] They want a wall of protective tariffs.
3. What is the editor's attitude?
[A] support.
[B] distaste.
[C] Disapproval.
[D] Compromise.
4. The danger to the plan lies in
[A] the two parties' objection.
[B] different idea of the two parties about the plan.
[C] its passage.
[D] distortion.
5. The passage is
[A] a review.
[B] a preface.
[C] a advertisement.
[D] an editorial.
Vocabulary
1. reverse 逆转
2. slide 滑坡
3. plague 瘟疫;熬煎，搅扰
4. tariff 关税
5. decry 训斥，诽谤
6. lever 杠杆;用杠杆撬动
7. crux 关键
8. ideologue 梦想家，头脑家
9. intact 一成不变的，完好无损的
10. investment credit 投资信贷
11. research grant 研究基金
难句译注
1. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.
【参考译文】这对改变经济滑坡;滑到赋闲高，增加少和已经搅扰经济达6年之久商业赤字来讲是必要的。
写作要领与文章粗心
这是一则相关总统向国会提交的经济计划谈论。作者采取比照伎俩来凸起其计划之正确性，第一段就讲了计划的触及面：投资、研究、教育、税收等，目的是阻止经济滑坡，提升美国产业合作力。
第2、三两段叙说了计划遭两方面的反对，总统党内的左翼要求更倔强，更直接的准备，而共和党对纵然逐步稍稍提升一点税收都予以训斥。
第四段提出二者都疏忽咱们面对经济问题的奇特性子。它不是市场或财政问题。把握新技术的人发批量减产，而无法采取新技术的人面对活着界经济中成为二等公民的风险。产业无法到达进步前辈程度，就无法有效地合作，那么任何掩护主义或进入本国市场都无法永久见效。没有技术有利因素的经验和利润的再投资，产业经济只能仍然落伍于本国合作敌手。
后一段点出总统计划的要点便是工艺技术。作者提出：要责备面通过这一从头建设计划。若是咱们无法重修经济，咱们能够没有有第二次时机。
答案解析详解
1. C 工艺技术。后一段第一句“问题的关键就在于工艺技术，这便是总统计划的要点所在。”第四段：“对把握新技术的人来讲，新技术使他们大大减产，而新技术对无法把握它的人来讲，活着界经济中他们面对沦为长期性的二等公民的风险。若是无法做到这一点，那么任何国家掩护主义，进入国内市场都无法有效地合作。若是无法有技术有利因素的利润和经验再投资，产业只能进一步落伍于外洋合作敌手。”这些都证明总统计划的重点再工艺技术。A.投资。D.税收。只是总统计划的触及面。B.经济。太抽象了。
2. A 更直接准备。第二段“总统的党内几段自在翼要求更倔强、更直接准备。他们要求用支出(税收)政策来阻止通货收缩;联邦财政在关税掩护下，帮助重修产业。”B.他们需要阻止通货收缩。C.重修产业。D.掩护关税墙。都只是他们要求中的不分外容，不完好。
3. A支持。第4、五段集中了谈论者的看法，支持的来由和论点。B.讨厌。C.不同意。D.和谐让步。
4. D曲解。后一段第二句：“其风险不在于计划将不被通过，而在于左和右的头脑理论家们用改正案来曲解提案，使计划要点蒙尘含糊不清，经济重修计划应一成不变地通过。”这是作者的立场，也是他所担忧的地方。A.两党的反对。B.两党对计划的不一样观点。C.它的通过。
5. D 社论。A.谈论。社论也是谈论的一种，但它是报纸主编所撰，经常是相关海内外小事谈论。B.媒介。C.告白。