怎么区分宾语从句定语从句状语从句，如何区分宾语从句定语从句状语从句

怎么区分宾语从句定语从句状语从句？

区别请看下方具体内容：

1、作用不一样定语从句修饰先行词；宾语从句作宾语是动作的承受者；状语从句给主句增多信息量。

2、词性不一样定语从句大多数情况下做形容词使用；宾语从句做名词使用，大多数情况下可以是事物，也可是人物；状语大多数情况下做副词使用，起副词作用。

3、位置不一样定语从句大多数情况下放在它所修饰的先行词的后面；宾语从句放在动词或介词后面；状语从句大多数情况下放在句后。

（1），宾语从句

一、定义

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、连接词

that: I think that you can pass the exam.

Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.

“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.

I don’t know where he found the book.

只用whether的情况：

1. 与or not连用：

I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.

2. 与动词不定式连用：

He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.

3. 连接词前有介词时：

It depends on whether he is coming.

三、时态

1. 主句是大多数情况下目前时态，从句按照目前的实际情况而定(各自不同的时态都可以)

She wants to know what he has done for the exam.

2.主句是大多数情况下过去时态，从句用对应的过去的时候态。

1）She said that she was a student.

2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3）She said that she had finished her homework already.

3. 假设宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然情况或事实时，这时宾语从句要用大多数情况下目前时态。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

（2），定语从句

一、定义

在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。

二、先行词

先行词指人 who /that

先行词指物 which/ that

定语从句大多数情况下紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后

三、关系代词

关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，故此，从句中不可再产生其他代替先行词的代词

四、翻译方式 “…. 的”

Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（涵盖介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是假设前面带介词则一定要用whom

1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.

2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.

Whose : 指人或物，作定语，表示 “…的”

eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.

关系代词只可以 that 的情况特殊：

1.先行词前有序数词修饰时：

This is the first gift that my parents bought me.

2.先行词前有形容词高级修饰时：

This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.

3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.

e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop

4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.

e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.

5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是，正是), the last 等词修饰时,只可以用that

e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.

6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头，只可以用that引导.

Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?

当关系代词前使用介词时：

物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom

当关系代词前使用介词时：

e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.

2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.

（3），状语从句

一、定义

在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（涵盖非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。

二、状语从句大多数情况下分为八大类

时间状语从句 地址位置状语从句

因素状语从句 目标状语从句

结果状语从句 条件状语从句

方法状语从句 让步状语从句

1. 时间状语从句

When -当……时候, 一般指某一特定时间点，主句与从句的动作同时出现。

When I opened the window, I saw him come up.

When - 已经在……时，突然…。一般主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译时，when 可以译成没想到或突然。

I was walking along the street , when I met him.

When 当从句是进行时，主句是大多数情况下时，时常表示不满。

Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.

When=after

When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.

While -在……这个时间段，时常指不短的一个时期。

While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.

While -表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。

We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.

As - 一边……一边, 随着

She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.

As - 当……时，指一个动作马上一个动作出现，从句一般用进行时。

As I was going out, it began to rain.

The moment - 一……就…… =as soon as , immediately,

-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.

Not… until - 直到……才

He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.

Before - 在……以前

The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.

After -在…… 后面

The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.

Since -自从……, 一般主句用目前完成时

I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.

It is just a week since we arrived here.

As soon as - 一……就……

Jack went to school as soon as he got well.

No sooner than - 一……就……

no sooner… than… 用于句首先求倒装

Hardly …when…

Scarcely …when…

No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

Once - 一但……就……

Once you see him, you will never forget him.

Every time, each time 每一次whenever 每当

Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.

2. 条件状语从句

引导状语从句的连接词有：

If假设, unless除非, as long as只要, As (so) far as - 据……所知，in case万一, provided that假设, on condition that若是，以…为条件

If -假设

If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.

Unless - 假设不, 除非=if not

We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight

As long as - 只要

We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.

As (so) far as - 据……所知

As far as I know, he speaks English very well.

In case - 假使, 假设

The plane cannot take off in case it rains.

Provided that 假设,有的时候，省略 that

The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.

On condition that - 条件是…

He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.

注:主从句的动作出现在以后时，则主句用以后时, 从句用大多数情况下目前时。

If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.

3. 地址位置状语从句

地址位置状语从句唯有两个连词: Where, wherever

Where - 在……地方

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Wherever - 不管哪里

Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.

4. 因素状语从句

because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示因素, 但是在语气上一个比一个弱.

Because - 因为,一般从句放在主句后.

Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage.

As - 因为, 一般放在句首

As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.

Since -既然， 因语气较弱, 常译为既然，(大家现在都知道的因素)

Since everybody has come, we can set off.

Now that- 既然，

Now that you are here, you can join us.

considering that- 顾及到

Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

seeing that- 因为

Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided toput the meeting off.

5. 结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, so…that…

such…thatSo… that- 太……以至于so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有的时候，省略so只用that

Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹.

So that- 因而，以便，为了 有的时候，so 可以省去

Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.

Such …that…-太……以至于 用法与so…that一样，但such 后面应用名词。

The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.

6. 目标状语从句

引导目标状语从句的主要连词有: that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest

(So) that - 以便,从句中经常使用一部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

in order that - 为了,与so that 一样从句中经常使用一部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.

for fear that- 生怕; 为了防止(某事出现)

He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.

in case- 万一

You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.

Lest- 以防万一

The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.

7. 让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether.

Although, though -虽然although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。

Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.

Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.

As - 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子一般倒装。可与though 互换。

Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.

Even if /even though-就算

Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.

However- 不论，however 引导让步状语从句时，句子一般倒装

He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.

No matter (what, when, where, how)-不管（什么，什么时候，何地，怎样）

He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.

Whatever- 不管

Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.

While-尽管

While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.

Whether-不管，常与or not 连用

Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.

8. 方法状语从句

方法状语从句常由: as, as if, as though

as-与…… 一样

Do in Rome as the Romans do.

as if, as though- 仿佛,由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气

She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.

1 宾语从句：在一个句子中，充当主句中动词的宾语的从句称为宾语从句。比如：“他说他要去看电影。”这当中“他要去看电影”是宾语从句。2 定语从句：在一个句子中，用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。比如：“我喜欢的那本书是你送给我的。”这当中“你送给我的”是定语从句。3 状语从句：在一个句子中，用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句称为状语从句。比如：“假设下雨，我们就不去了。”这当中“假设下雨”是状语从句。区分它们的方式是看从句在句子中的作用和语法结构。

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