一张图看懂虚拟语气

一张图看懂虚拟语气？

If I were you, I would study hard.

If we had time, we would attend the meeting.

表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去完成时（had done/been），主句使用过去以后完成时（would have done/been）

If I hadn’t been ill, I would have seen you.

If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.

表示与以后事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去以后时（should/were to），主句使用过去以后时（woulddo/be）

If it should rain, the crops would be saved.

If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.

Should it happen, what would you do?

If he had recognized me, he would have come over.

Had he recognized me, he would have come over.

If I were in school again, I would work harder.

Were I in school again, I would work harder.

小结：假设从句中含有should 、had、were 时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if，采取倒装语序。记忆小窍门：一马当先“还属我”。

03

混合/错综型虚拟语气

当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所出现时间不完全一样时，称为混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语气，动词的形式要按照它所表示时间作出对应的调整。

主句是过去，从句是目前

If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.

If you had told me the news yesterday, I wouldn’t be so worried now.

从句是过去，主句是目前

If I were you, I would have taken his advice.

If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the concert last night.

小结：混合虚拟表示，一半用过去的虚拟，一半用目前的虚拟。

04

情态动词

“情态动词should/ought to/could/may/might +have done”表示“过去本……而其实未……”的虚拟语气，大多数情况下表示委婉的责备。

You are late again. You could have come earlier.

You should have told me earlier that you weren’t able to come

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专升本培训班-名师辅导课程