大学英语六级定语从句语法精要归纳汇总分享
定语从句
限定和非限定性定语从句： 限定性定语从句是名词词组不行短少的一个构成部分， 去失落了会形成病句或意思不确定; 非限定性定语从句属于增补证明性子， 去失落了没有影响重要意思， 凡是用逗号与它的后行词离开。
The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
The boys， who wanted to play football， were disappointed when it rained.
若是定语从句的后行词是专著名词， 或是带无形容词性物主代词（my， his， etc）或描述词性唆使代词（this， that， etc）作限制词， 厥后的定语从句凡是都黑白限定性的：
Mary Smith， who is in the corner， wants to meet you.
Her mother， who had long suffered form arthritis， died last night.
All these books， which have been donated by visiting professors， are to be used by the postgraduates.
在非限定性定语从句中只能用who/whom指人， 用which指物，凡是不用that替换。
My father， who had been on a visit to America， returned yesterday.
All the books， which had pictures in them， were sent to the little girl.
定语从句的指导词
that， who， whom： 非限定性定语从句， 若是润色人， 一般用who， 偶然用that （作主语时用who较多）。 若是干系代词在从句中作宾语， 就该当用宾格 whom 或that， 但在大少数情形下均可以省略失落， 在书面语中可用who取代whom.
Here is the man （whom） you’ve been looking for.
He is a man （that） you can safely depend on.
The people （who/that） you were talking to were Swedes.
There are some people here who I want you to meet.
但在介词后只能用whom：
This is the man to whom I referred.
但在书面语中一般都把介词放到句子后面去， 这时候可用that， 但省略时更多一些。
Have you met the person about whom he was speaking？
Have you met the person （that） he was speaking about
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.
The girl （who/that） I spoke to is my cousin.
限定性定语从句若是润色“物”， 用干系代词that的时候较多， 也偶然用which.。 当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时， 在绝大少数情形下都是省略的， 特殊是书面语中（特别是当被润色的词是all， everything等词时）：
Have you everything you need？
（Is there） anything I can do for you？
All you have to do is to press the button.
在介词后只能用which， 在书面语中一般都把介词放到从句后部去， 这时候可以用that， 但省略的时候更多一些：
The tool with which he is working is called a wrench.
The tool （that） he is working with is called a wrench.
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
This is the question （that） we’ve had so much discussion about.
定语从句通常为润色名词或代词的， 但偶尔也能够润色全部句子a）， 或是句子的一部分 b）， 指导词用which：
They have invited me to visit their country， which is very kind of them.
The activity was postponed， which was exactly what we wanted
When deeply absorbed in work， which he often was， he would forget all about eating and sleeping.
She was very patient towards the children， which her husband seldom was.
whose： 在透露“。..的”这个观点时， 可用全部格 whose; whose 用于指物， 偶然可与of which瓜代运用， 凡是的词序是名词词组 + of which：
Is there anyone in your class whose family is in the northeast？
We had a meeting whose purpose was completely unclear. （…the purpose of which was…）
He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. （…whose name I’ve…）
of which前的名词词组也能够由some， any， none， all， both， several， enough， many， most， few以及基数词担当; 这些词也能用在 of whom以前。
The buses， most of which were already full， were surrounded by an angry crowd.
It’s a family of eight children， all of whom are studying music.
干系副词 when， where， why： 它们的含义相称于 at which， in which， for which， 所以它们之间有瓜代运用的能够。
The day when he was born…
on which he was born…
which he was born on…
The office where he works…
at which he works…
which he works at…
偶然可用that替换干系副词， 在书面语中that 可省略。
Every time （that） the telephone rings， he gets nervous.
This was the first time I had serious trouble with my boss.
Do you know anywhere （that） I can get a drink？
This is the place （where） we met yesterday.
That is the reason （why） he did it.
在the way 后也可用that 替换in which， 在书面语中that也可省略。
This is the way （that/in which） he did it.
That’s the way I look at it.
若是定语从句中谓语为 there is， 作主语的干系代词也常可免却：
I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.
This is the fastest train （that） there is to Nanjing.
定语从句的简化： 定语从句与不定式构造， -ing分词构造， -ed分词构造以及无动词分句等有着转换干系。
He was the only one to realize the danger （= who realized the danger）。
The woman driving the car （= who was driving the car） indicated that she was going to turn left.
The man injured by the bullet （= who was injured by the bullet） was taken to hospital.
All the women present （= who were present） looked up in alarm.