关于如何导入一般过去时教学的几点建议，初中英语时态一张表格全部搞定?

有关如何导入大多数情况下过去时教学的几点建议？

广州体育职业技术学院（附属学校）古碧影

大多数情况下过去时不仅是第二册的重点语法，也是整个初中的重要考试难点及核心内容，大多数情况下过去时掌握并熟悉不好，将直接影响初中学生对英语时态的掌握并熟悉和理解。好的导入方法将会对分解教学难点、提升教学效果起到重要的意义，下面讲解几种简单的导入方法：

一、以大多数情况下过去时用法为主要的导入。

二、以动词变化规则为主要的导入。

三、以练习为主要的导入。

假设生源再差一点，实在不可以做到边讲、边用、边总结，可以采用练习导入的形式，即设计有梯度的练习，一步一步引导学生学会动词的变形规律，马上接受大多数情况下过去时的基本用法，然后再让他们回答有关问题，并用上这些动词。

初中英语时态一张表格都搞定？

He is never late for school.

He often gets up at six every day.

Cats can climb trees.

I hear they have moved into a new house.

He writes to his father once a year.

大多数情况下目前时还可以表示、具体安排好的，或马上就要出现的事，一般使用瞬间动词come，start，begin，return，leave等。

如：My plane leaves at 6:00 a.m..

Is there any meeting today?

The game starts at 8:00.

（二）目前进行时。（am/is/are doing）

目前进行时表示目前或近已经在做的事情，后面大多数情况下接延续性的动词，都表示动作没有进行完。

如：Look! The boy is dancing.

He is watching a football game.

What are you doing now?

They are preparing for the exam recently.

还常与always，usually，constantly，forever，continually等词连用表示一种语气，“总是，老是…”，

如：He is always working late.

Why are you always making this kind of mistake?

He is continually getting into trouble with the police.

后面接暂转动词时表示已经在反复的动作，或表示以后时（大多数情况下唯有go, come, leave和have）

如：The monkeys are jumping.

They are hitting the tree.

表以后：We are going swimming this afternoon.

They are leaving here.

They are having an English class tomorrow.

试比较：

He is doing his homework until his parents come to take him home.

He will do his homework until his parents come to take him home.

注：表示知觉、感觉、看法、认识、情感或愿望的动词和大多数暂转动词不可以用目前进行时，如：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, like, hate, dislike, want, love, hate, want, know, forget, remember, understand, believe, suppose, mean, wish, hope, need, believe, refuse, suppose, have, fit, seem, fear, own等

（三）目前完成时

目前完成时中用瞬间动词表示说话时已经完美的达成的动作，而且，这个动作对目前还有影响，句中时间副词主要有already, yet, now, by this time, by now等；用延续动词表示过去已经启动持续到目前而且，还有可能继续持续下去的动作，句中时间副词主要有this week, in the past/last/recent few years, since…, for…。

如：He has already finished his homework.

He hasn’t arrived here yet.

They have been here for ten years.

He has waited here since he came

（四）大多数情况下以后时。（will/shall do, am/is/are going to do, am/is/are doing, am/is/are about to do）

大多数情况下以后时表示将要出现或打算做的事情，

如：He will come back in two days.

When will he give the book back to me?

It’s going to rain.

We are going to hold a sports meeting next week.

They are leaving for New York.

He is about to leave.

（五）大多数情况下过去时。（did, was/were, 情态动词过去式）

大多数情况下过去时表示在过去的某个时间出现的详细事情，大多数情况下都要有表示过去时间状语，

如：He went to school by bike yesterday.

We had a good time last night.

He could count to 1000 when he was three.

He was a teacher before.

注意：在直接引语转换成间接引语时时间状语的变化：

如：He said, “I did it yesterday.”

→ He said he did it the day before.

today → that day

yesterday → the/a/one day before

the day before yesterday → 2 days before

last week → the week before

2 weeks ago → 2 week before

tomorrow → the next day/the day after或one/a day later

the day after tomorrow → 2 days after/later

in a week/next week → the next week

in 2 weeks → 2 weeks after/later

（六）过去进行时。（was/were doing）

过去进行时表示在过去的某个详细时间里已经在出现的事情，

如：He was reading newspaper at seven yesterday evening.

The Smiths are watching TV at nine last night.

When he got home, his mother was cooking.

或过去的某段时间里持续出现的事情，

如：I was studying English in London from 1990 to 1992.

He was washing the dishes from seven o’clock to seven thirty.

（七）过去完成时

表示在过去的一个动作以前就已经完美的达成的动作，即过去之过去。注意与目前完成时不一样的是过去完成时一定要要有详细时间状语。

如：The train had left before she got to the station.

They had learnt 2000 words by the end of last month.

He had been a doctor for 3 years before he came here.

He got back the book that he had left in the classroom.

No sooner had he got to the cinema than the film began.

Hardly had he got to the cinema when the film began.

注意：假设两个或哪些动作连续出现且衔接紧密时用一连串的大多数情况下过去式就可以。

如：He locked the door and went away.

Mr.Smith went to the market, bought some flowers and went to see his friends.

He sent a telegraph home before he left Paris.

（八）过去以后时。（would/should, was/were going to do, was/were doing）

过去以后时表示在过去某时就打算做的事情，或对比过去将要出现的事情。

如：They were going swimming when I met them.

He said he would go to New York.

Yesterday he said it was going to rain, but it didn’t.

（九）复合时态。高中阶段所学到的复合时态主要有：

完成进行时，以后完成时和以后进行时。

完成进行时表示到现在为止一直在做某事。过去完成进行时还可以表示刚刚结束的进行动作。

如：He has been painting the house the whole morning.

They have been promising us to rise our salary these years.

They had been doing their homework for 3 hours before I came.

I asked him what he had just been doing?

He had just been sleeping before I got there.

以后完成时表示，到以后某时马上就要结束的动作。

如：We will have learnt 3000 English words by the end of next term.

They will have finished it by 12:00 tomorrow.

以后进行时表示以后某时已经在进行的动作。

如：We will be sleeping at this time tomorrow.

She will be waiting there at 8 a.m. if you ask her to.

初三英语语法八种时态具体介绍？

初三英语语法共有八种时态，涵盖：大多数情况下目前时、大多数情况下过去时、大多数情况下以后时、目前进行时、过去进行时、目前完成时、过去完成时和以后完成时。下面对每一种时态进行具体介绍：

1. 大多数情况下目前时：表示目前常常或习惯性出现的动作或状态。主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式（加-s或-es），比如：He always comes to school on time.（他总是准时来学校。）

2. 大多数情况下过去时：表示过去出现的动作或状态。主语+动词过去式，比如：I went to Beijing last summer vacation.（我去年暑假去了北京。）

3. 大多数情况下以后时：表示以后要出现的动作或状态。主语+will/shall+动词原形，比如：I will go to a concert next week.（我下周要去听音乐会。）

4. 目前进行时：表示目前已经在进行的动作。主语+be+动词目前分词，比如：She is reading a book now.（她目前已经在看书。）

5. 过去进行时：表示过去已经在进行的动作。主语+was/were+动词目前分词，比如：We were watching a movie last night.（我们昨晚已经在看电影。）

6. 目前完成时：表示过去某个时间启动一直延续到目前的动作或状态。主语+have/has+动词过去分词，比如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完美的达成了作业。）

7. 过去完成时：表示过去某个时间以前已经完美的达成的动作。主语+had+动词过去分词，比如：He had visited Paris before.（他之前去过巴黎。）

8. 以后完成时：表示在以后某个时间以前完成的动作。主语+will have+动词过去分词，比如：By next year, I will have graduated from college.（到明年，我就要大学学成毕业后。）

上面这些内容就是初三英语语法八种时态的具体介绍。在学习英语的途中，时态的掌握并熟悉很重要，需持续性练习来加深理解。可以通过预习、课堂练习和平日写作来提升英语语法水平。

一、大多数情况下目前时

大多数情况下目前时表示目前的习惯性动作或状态，大多数情况下目前时也可表示客观真理，它有三种形式：

1. 主语为第三人称单数时，动词要变成第三人称单数形式。

比如：He plays football every day. 他每天都踢足球。

2. 主语为第三人称复数时，动词要变成第三人称复数形式。

比如：They go to school at seven oclock. 他们7点钟去上学。

3. 主语为第一人称或第二人称时，动词要变成对应的主语形式。

比如：I play basketball every day. 我每天都打篮球。

二、大多数情况下过去时

大多数情况下过去时表示过去出现的动作或存在的状态，它有两种形式：

1. 主语为第三人称单数时，动词要变成过去式。

比如：He played football yesterday. 他上一天踢足球。

2. 主语为第三人称复数时，动词要变成过去式。

比如：They went to school at seven oclock yesterday. 他们上一天7点钟去上学。

三、目前进行时

目前进行时表示目前已经在进行的动作，它有三种形式：

1. 主语为第三人称单数时，动词要变成目前分词。

比如：He is playing basketball now. 他目前已经在打篮球。

2. 主语为第三人称复数时，动词要变成目前分词。

比如：They are going to school now. 他们目前正去上学。

3. 主语为第一人称或第二人称时，动词要变成目前分词。

比如：I am playing basketball now. 我目前已经在打篮球。

四、目前完成时

目前完成时表示从过去一直延续到目前的动作或状态，它有三种形式：

1.

大多数情况下过去时态主要是过去出现的动作，强调过去，动词用过去式。

大多数情况下目前时主要是讲常常出现的动作。

大多数情况下以后时，主要是说以后出现的动作。

已经在进行时，主要是讲已经在出现的动作。

目前完成时，主要强调过去出现的事情对目前的影响。

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