国家二级笔译证书（CATTI）到底有多难，catti二级笔译证书有用吗

2023.11 CATTI 英语二级笔译实务考试试卷 | 回忆整理版

整理@爱学习的初子衿

EC Passage 1

考题来源：国际货币基金组织官方网站

https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2023/04/24/sp042519-belt-and-road-initiative-two-key-channels-to-achieving-financial-connectivity

考题内容概括（实质上考试试卷有调整）：

国际货币基金组织总裁拉加德在第二届“一带一路”国际合作人流高度聚集论坛发表演讲，她对中国“一带一路”倡议的持续逐步递次推动表示肯定。拉加德谈到了现在“一带一路”的重点工作，一是保证资本更自由流动，二是改善金融包容性。

Where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion.

哪里形成了金融联系，当地的生活质量就可以很快改善。在现代背景下，剖析事物本质，更加深入底层的金融互联互通可以通过哪些重要渠道来达到。我今天想强调两个渠道：加强资本流动和改善金融包容性。

First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. How? By enhancing investments in infrastructure, manufacturing, and even health care. Right now, foreign direct investment is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. This will lead to increased environmental sustainability.

第一，保证资本更自由地流动。允许资本跨境流动能帮支持包容性增长。如何支持？通过促进基础设施、制造业甚至医疗行业的投资。现在，发展中国家的外国直接投资（FDI）仅占GDP的1.9% ；而在全球金融危机以前，这个数字是2.5% 。为逐步递次推动主要基础设施建设进展，需再次增多资本流动规模，并以安全的方法对其进行管理。对资本流动更开放也可以降低融资成本，提升金融部门效率，允许资本支持生产性投资和新增就业。幸运的是，我们从经验中获悉了成功所需的要素，涵盖完善的金融监管 、透明的投资规则还有特别要注意关注财政持续时间性。这将有助于提高环境的持续时间性。

Secondly, increased Financial inclusion. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand, the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2023.

第二，改善金融包容性。我们还要有改善金融包容性。这里列举哪些数字：亚太地区中低收入经济体近一半的成年人口没有银行账户。曾向金融机构借款的人口比重不到百分之10。然而，我们清楚，各国若需要在21世纪繁荣发展，弥合金融缺口是一项“一定要完成的经济任务”。国际货币基金组织的分析表达，假设亚洲金融包容性弱的国家将金融缺口缩窄至泰国的水平， 这些国家的贫困率能降低近4%。如何达到这一目标？一个方面，制定能使更多妇女和农村居民取得金融服务的政策。在发展中国家，妇女面临的金融性别缺口约为9%，且自 来基本保持不变。

There is no silver bullet, but we know that Fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, a strong public private partnership in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2023. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own.

这个问题没有根治的良方，但我们清楚金融科技能发挥催化作用。比如，柬埔寨通过强有力的公私合作关系支持移动金融发展，自 来微型金融机构的数量增多了两倍。现在，这些机构已向200多万个新借款者提供贷款，占成年人口的比重接近百分之20，这些公民不少从来没有开立银行账户。目前，他们可以通过储蓄规划未来，甚至也许可以自行创业。

These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion.

这些观念适用于全部国家，但这些国家一定要有意愿开展合作并相互学习。

那就是国际货币基金组织和世界银行去年 10 月开始 “巴厘岛金融科技议程” 的重要因素之一。该议程阐述的核心原则-从发展金融市场到维护金融诚信-能帮全部国家，因为其旨在改善金融包容性。

EC Passage 2

本文文章来源于：

http://earthmysterynews.com/2023/04/29/nasa-to-pretend-asteroid-is-about-to-smash-into-earth/

NASA (美国宇航局) is going to pretend a deadly asteroid is on its way, to practise for a real one. The “tabletop exercise” will allow the space agency and the other government organisations that will be tasked with responding to such an event to simulate their response, ahead of the possibility of a real example. The scenario will see a very realistic but nonetheless fictional disaster, in which an asteroid will be headed for Earth. The scenario has been developed by one of the NASA organisations tasked with studying such near-earth objects, or NEOs. Such exercises are used across the disaster response sector, to ensure that the real responses are as fast and effective as possible.

“These exercises have really helped us in the planetary defense community to understand what our colleagues on the disaster management side need to know,” said Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer. “This exercise will help us develop more effective communications with each other and with our governments.” NASA and other organisations have spent more than 20 years scanning the skies for NEOs, looking for asteroids and comets that come within 30 million miles of Earth’s orbit. Groups such as NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO行星防御协调办公室) as well as the European Space Agency’s Space Situational Awareness-NEO Segment (欧洲航天局空间态势感知近地天体部门) and the International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN国际小行星预警系统) have been working to better communicate the danger that such objects pose to Earth.

There is no strict script in such an exercise. Instead, it will be used to test out how NEO observers, space agency officials, emergency managers, decision makers and citizens would respond to the threat of an impact. Those taking part will discuss possible preparations: how they would explore the asteroid, work out the best ways of deflecting it and dealing with its impact effects. NASA has already participated in such exercises, working on some with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA美国联邦应急管理局). Those exercises brought representatives from a variety of different federal agencies, including the departments of Defense and State.

Previous exercises showed that the focus of emergency management officials was not on scientific details. Instead, they just want to know when, where and how an asteroid will hit the Earth, as well as what sort of damage is done. NASA continues to work on that science, however, in an attempt to better improve humanity’s ability to predict the exact location and effects of any impact.

“NASA and FEMA will continue to conduct periodic exercises with a continually widening community of US government agencies and international partners,” said Lewis of the Response Operations Division for FEMA. “They are a great way for us to learn how to work together and meet each other’s needs and the objectives laid out in the White House National NEO Preparedness Action Plan.”

CE Passage 1

新中国成立70年来，中国的人权事业获取了举世瞩目标成就。

1949年新中国成立前，中国的人均GDP仅仅只有27美元，人均预期寿命不到35岁，人均受教育年限不到1年，约百分之90的中国人是文盲；战争频发，人民一直生活在苦难之中。

目前，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，人民安居乐业。70年来，我们国内人均预期寿命由35岁增长到77岁。中国已基本建立起保证公民权利的法律和政策体系。

中国把“尊重和保证人权”作为一个重要的原则写入宪法，社会和谐发展水平得到了显著提高。中国支持保证公民生存权和发展权，转变小看经济、社会、文化权利的倾向，主张促进这两类权利的平衡保证，以发展促人权、消除贫困。中国的人权原则在国际上出现了广泛影响，得到不少国家的响应。

中国仔细履行国际人权义务，加入涵盖6项核心人权公约在内的26项国际人权公约。中国广泛开展国际人权交流合作，同20多个国家开展人权对话和磋商，同联合国人权机制保持建设性交流。

新中国人权事业发展70年白皮书（双语全文）

https://language.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202309/24/WS5d89cec7a310cf3e3556d34b_4.html

CE Passage 2

改编自：《绘造传统民居》（出版于 1月1日，作者是毛葛）序言

原文官方网站：

http://www.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn/booksCenter/preface.html?id=07321801

中国幅员辽阔。在漫长的历史中，渐渐形成了丰富多彩、各有特色的传统民居建筑。

传统民居建筑具有鲜明的地域特色。深造念书于建筑专业的毛葛启动研究传统民居建筑。见识了各式各样的民居建筑后，她看到了每一座传统民居建筑都是工匠们忘我劳动的成果。在这些民间建筑中，她看到了过去时代的中国人对自己生活的深深热爱。

80年代，城镇化进程提高，不少传统民居建筑减少；传统的建造技艺、建房工具、建筑知识等渐渐被大家冷落。她期望有更多的人特别是年轻人了解到传统民居建筑的美并喜爱上它们，进一步重视它们、保护它们。

作为看着漫画长大的“80后”一代，毛葛热爱漫画。她想，用简单有趣的漫画和通俗易懂的文字向大家讲解中国传统民居，也许这样能引发更多人对中国传统民居的兴趣。

我参与过上个月的笔译二级考试，跟你说说大约情况。 二级笔译上午考综合能力，下午考笔译实务。 专业八级考的是你英语运用综合能力，我想你考综合通过应该没有问题。 笔译实务较有难度，虽然可以带字典，但是，来不及查哪些单词，三个小时英译汉和汉译英各两篇，时间还是挺紧的。英译汉有专八的水平，基本上不需要查字典完全就能够翻译下来，但是，要写两千字左右的译文，还是蛮费时间的。 然后是汉译英，虽然文章不长，但文章多出自领导讲话和地理历史政治类的，涉及的专业名词多，字典未必能查到准确的词。看的人很头大。故此，要有被而来，常常看中国日报的英文版，而且，你又是从事翻译工作的，平日累积另外，学习通过还是把控掌握相对较大的。