名词词义辨析

各位同学们，教师招聘英语笔试中经常会考到一些相似意思的名词，很多同学抱怨记不准，那么接下来我们盘点一下常考的几组名词辨析。

(1)abstract, digest, outline, summary “要点，摘要”

abstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。(I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他的书的概要。)

digest n. 篇幅较长的摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释，浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。(Reader's Digest《读者文摘》)

outline n.要点，大纲，概要。(She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要谈的想法列了一个提纲。)

summary n.总结，摘要，指用寥寥数语概括文章或者讲话的要点，不考虑原文的风格。(2)access, assess

access n.接近，进入。(The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool.住在这些公寓里的人可以免费地进入游泳池。)

assess v.评估(财产，价值)。(I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我评估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少钱。)

(3)area, district, region, vicinity, zone“区域”

area n.泛指面积较大的地区;面积;专业领域。(The New York area has high rents.纽约地区房租很高。)

district n.行政区划的小范围地区。(Xicheng district北京西城区)

region n.行政区划上更大的地区，如"自治区";身体部位。(The northeast region of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美国东北部包括纽约和新英格兰地区的那六个州。)

vicinity n.周围地区，附近地区。(The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因为逃跑的罪犯就藏在附近地区。)

zone n.指特定的地方、地带。(The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通过法律，在一些空地上开辟商业区。)

(4)assessment, estimate, evaluation“评估”

assessment n.评估,估价，常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。(We have a low assessment on our property.我们对我们的资产评估很低。)

estimate n.估计，强调进行评估得出的结果，常与动词give搭配。(The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.机械师给我的汽车修理费的粗略估计是200或300美元。)

evaluation n. (对于能力，价值、工作业绩的)评价，估价，常带有肯定的、正确的含义。(He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他对于我们的科学研究给予了积极的评价。)