初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法，初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法在复合句

初中定语从句的有趣导入和介绍法？

在复合句中，充当定语的句子叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that, which,whose等和关系副词when,where等。

一、基本概念

1.定语：修饰、限制要求、说明名词或代词的句子成分。

例如：a handsome boy, 既然如此那，我们这边的handsome 就是用来修饰名词boy的，故此，handsome这个词是定语

记忆：定语是修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子。

其实就是常说的定语它只紧跟着名词或代词转。

2.定语从句（relative clause)：修饰名词或代词的句子（用一个句子来充当定语）。

例如：He is a boy who is handsome.

这边的who is handsome 就是定语从句，当然这个句子没有任何意义，假设产生写作中，我们会觉得这是一个凑数的定语从句，像这样的简单表达我们直接用handsome形容词做定语就可以（可能学生在写作中会写出这样完全没有营养的定语从句）。

I used to live in the house which was surrounded by flowers and birds. 像这样的句子就一个简单的句子来表示，故此，我们会觉得这是一个合适好处的定语从句。

注意：到了系统的学了非谓语动词后面，这个句子也可用一个简单句表示

I used to live in the house surrounded by flowers and birds.

这里就是用非谓语动词（过去分词）做定语。

3.先行词 被修饰的词

例如上文中的boy/house

注意：定语从句中的先行词大多数情况下是名词/代词（各位考生在记单词时，最好也记下单词的词性）



4.关系词（引导词）

引出定语从句的词

如：上文中的who/which

既然如此那，定语从句中，最最重要，要优先集中精力的就是掌握并熟悉关系词的用法

二、关系词

1.关系代词(代表先行词，在从句中作一定的成分）

在把控掌握详细关系代词用法时，第一了解定语从句中的主语和宾语

I used to live in the housewhich was surrounded by flowers and birds.

I used to live in the housewhich my grandfather had lived in.

这两个句子中的先行词都是house，但是，他们在定语从句中充当的成分是明显不同的。

第一个句子Which was surrounded by flowers and birds. 这里的which实际上就是指代前文中的house，在这个定语从句中The house was surrounded by flowers and birds. house 作主语。（大多数情况下来说在谓语动词前-句首，都是主语，除去倒装句）

第二个句子，我们在还原在，即 将The house my father had lived in. 更改成 My father had lived in the house.

明显，我们这里的house是作介词in的宾语（假设针对宾语不熟悉，可以去看下宾语从句这篇文章）。

一般假设先行词作宾语，我们的关系词可以省略，即：

I used to live in the house my father had lived in.

故此把控掌握主语和宾语，就可以完美区分那些省略掉关系词的定语从句。

1.1 who

大多数情况下来说，关系代词为who时，先行词是人，可以作主语、宾语

I really admire those people who have acchievd great success.

I cant help those people who I hate. (宾语）

1.2 whom 作宾语

I cant help those people whom I hate.

1.3 that 先行词既可以是人，也可是物，可以作主语、宾语

I really admire those people who have acchievd great success.

I cant help those people who I hate.

补充：He is the hero of whom we are proud.

像这样的假设有介词，我们只可以用whom，初中考察的很少，了解就可以

1.4 which 指代物 可作主语、宾语

I used to live in the house which was surrounded by flowers and birds

1.5 whose 指代人/物，作定语

I used live in the house whose wall was painted into green.

He is the hero whose father is our English teacher.

补充：

因为that和which，都可以以修饰物，有部分情况只用that，不需要which（了解就可以）

1.先行词由all, much, little, few, something 等不定代词修饰或先行词本身是不定代词

There is nothingthat we can do.

2.先行词有the only, the same, the very等修饰时

This is the onlymusic that I love.

3.先行词有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

4.先行词既指人又指物

We talked about the person and thingsthat we remembered.

假设考察，前面三种非常多（初中阶段，平日间试题出现）

2.关系副词 作状语

关系副词大多数情况下在从句中作状语，其实就是常说的说从句不缺主语、宾语

2.1 when 先行词表示时间

I will never forget the day when we stayed together.

比较：

I will never forget the day that/which we spent together.

问题：先行词也是 the day，为什么一个用when，一个用that/which？

2.2 where 先行词表地址位置

I will never forget the village where we stayed together.

I will never forget the village that/which is in the east of China.

问题：先行词也是 the village，为什么一个用where，一个用that/which？

2.3 why 先行词大多数情况下为the reason

Can you explain the reason why you are late again?

难点：关系副词和介词+which替换

在上面说的句子中我们可以用对应的介词+which和关系副词替换

大多数情况下来说why=for which

when=in/on...+which

where=in/on...+which

详细介词选择则主要还是看先行词

I will never forget the village where (in which)we stayed together.

初中备考资料及辅导课程

初中培训班-名师辅导课程