2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白和答案解析
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【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白及答案解析
A remarkable variety of insects live in this planetMore species of insects exist than all other animalspecies together. Insects have survived on earth formore than 300 million years, and may possess theability to survive for millions more.
Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on thehighest mountains and on the bottom of rushingstreams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground,jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colorsand various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops aswell as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, such asmosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.
There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability toadapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The oneplace they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects cansurvive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain,cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.
A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, waterand physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangeroussituations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: AnAfrican ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.
Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be rightbefore our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump ofbrown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, boldcolors to send warning signalsthat they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wingpatterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies arefooled into avoiding them.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.
A.on the mountains with little air
B.in the cold polar areas
C.in the hot desert areas
D.in the open oceans
2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______
A.hiding in tiny spaces
B.having a strong shell
C.flying away when necessary
D.changing colors or shapes
3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______
A.frighten away their enemies
B.avoid being discovered
C.send warning signals
D.look bitter-tasting
4.The passage mentions that insects ______.
A.can be found in any extreme environments
B.have survived longer than any other creatures
C.can be fed on any natural or man-made foods
D.are important for the growth of crops and flowers
5.The passage is mainly about ______
A.how insects survive in different places
B.why insects can survive so successfully
C.what insects can do to the environment
D.where insects can be found in quantity
参考答案解析
1.[D] 现实细节题。本题考察对复合句的明白。本题触及两个段落，第2段落第3段都说起虫豸发批量生长之处，第3段第3句中的The one place指出了答案解析。
2.[B] 现实细节题。本题考察对繁杂句的明白。第4段第1句指出了答案解析。protect…from…是对resistant to的同义交换。
3.[B] 推理判别题。本题考察对长句的明白。后一段第2句中的nearly invisible讲明虫豸假装是为了避免被发现，所以B为正确选项。其他选项尽管都是虫豸假装的目的，但都与假装成自然物体有关。
4.[D] 推理判别题。本题考察对含有分词构造句子的明白。根据第2段倒数第2句中的useful及分词构造pollinating可揣度虫豸对动物的生长无益处。选项A、B、C中都有any,过于相对。由第3段第二、3句可知选项A不对。文章虽在扫尾指出虫豸存活的年月长远，但全文未提到它是存活时间长的生物，因此选项B过错。至于虫豸的食品，第3段倒数第2句有说起,但只是a wide range of,由此可清除选项C。
5.[B] 宗旨粗心题。本文前两段首先形貌了虫豸生存了很长的时间，并能在种种中央生长，而后引出文章要评论辩论的重点，即虫豸为何能完成存活。第3段第1句为本文的中心句，所以本题正确选项为B。
【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白及答案解析
A new analysis of federal money that public schools receive for low-income students shows that a record number of the nation’s school districts will receive less in the coming academic year than they did for theone just ended.
For the 2005-2006 school year, spending under the Department of Education’s Title I program, which helps low-achieving children in high-poverty areas, is increasing by 3.2 percent, to $12.6 billion. But because of population shifts, growing numbers of poor children, newer census data and complex formulas that determine how the money is divided, more than two-thirds of the districts, or 8,843, will not receive as much financing as before.
The analysis, based on data from the department, was made by the Center on Education Policy, a group advocating for public schools. A similar study by the group last year showed that 55 percent of the schools would receive less money than they did in the previous year.
“It's an alarming number,” said Tom Fagan, a former department official who conducted the analysis. “It’s clear that the amount of overall increase is not keeping pace with the number of poor kids.”
Susan Aspey, a department spokeswoman, defended the spending levels for Title I，saying, “President Bush and Congress have invested record amounts of funding to help the nation’s neediest students.”
But Mr. Fagan said the increasing number of districts that are losing money is making it harder for the schools to meet the goals of the federal No Child Left Behind Act, the Bush administration's signature education program, which measures progress through annual tests in math, reading and science. That is giving critics of the program more grounds to accuse the administration of not sufficiently financing the program while demanding greater results.
Title I provides the largest component of financing for No Child Left Behind.
“The federal government is concentrating more money in fewer districts," said John F. Jennings, the president and chief executive of the Center on Education Policy. “It means there is lots of anger and lots of tension. They're asking us to do more and more with less and less.”
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.As it is indicated in the passage, the new analysis _____.
A.studied the federal money spent on low-income students
B.aimed at promoting the establishment of more public schools
C.showed that about half the schools would receive less money
D.was conducted by the Department of Education’s Title I program
2.Which of the following factors does NOT lead to the result that more than two-thirds of thedistricts will get more poorly financed?
A.People often move from one place to another.
B.There are more children from poor families.
C.The way of distributing money has changed.
D.Spending under the Title I program decreased.
3.Susan Aspey looks at the funding by the government with _______.
A.criticism
B.consent
C.Indifference
D.expectation
4.According to Tom Fagan, ______.
A.the government has done its best to finance the poor children
B.the goals of No Child Left Behind Act are difficult to realize
C.the way of measuring progress by annual tests should be changed
D.the Bush government shouldn't have approved the Title I program
5.When the government concentrates more money in fewer districts, _____.
A.more poor children will get benefited
B.more public schools will have to be closed
C.it will arouse more people’s dissatisfaction
D.No Child Left Behind Act will be realized sooner
参考答案解析
1.[A] 现实细节题。本题考査对长句的明白。从第1段首句中的“…of…”这一构造可知这个新分析是要研究联邦国家资金问题的。因此清除B。由第3段第1句可知这项新分析是由the Center on Education Policy 进行的，所以清除选项D。根据第3段后一句，选项C中show的行为主体应为similar study。
2.[D] 现实细节题。本题考察因果干系。第2段第2句指出有三个缘故原由形成超过2/3的地域获得的资金淘汰，选项A、B、C是对这三个缘故原由的近义改写，但此中选项C与原句的形式划分，轻易形成误选。
3.[B] 看法立场题。本题考察文人物的看法。苏珊·阿斯贝的看法立场只能从第5段揣度出，从这一段中的defended和record amount of funding可知她对教育部的拨款数是认可的。选项A和C都是褒义词，不行 能表达她的看法;选项D虽是贬义词,但苏珊是在陈说已产生的现实，而不是揭晓对教育部的理想。
4.[B] 推理判别题。本题考察对复合句的明白。由文中第6段第1句中的harder... to meet...可知选项B正确。选项C滋扰性，要清除这个滋扰，重要是要明白第6段第1句中由which指导的非限定性定语从句的作 用。这个从句是对前面“the Bush administration's signature education program”的附加现实信息，不属于汤姆·法甘的观点。
5.[C] 推理判别题。根据第6段第1句可知选项A和D与现实不符。后一段倒数第2句中的anger和tension两词，可揣度人们对此透露不满。
【篇三】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读明白及答案解析
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition (学会) of each new skill- the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general,the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the co妹妹unity as much as the child’s own happiness.
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(品德). Also, parents should realize that “ example is better than precept ”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skill ______
A.can be avoided
B.is universal among parents
C.sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D.will make him lose interest in learning new things
2.In the process of children’s learning new skills parents ________
A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B. should not expect too much of them
C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D.should creative as many learning opportunities as possible
3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
A. parents should be strict with their children
B. parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the co妹妹unity.
C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone.
D. parental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation.
4.The word “precept” (Line3, Para.3) probably means “_______”
A. Idea
B.punishment
C. behavior
D. instruction
5.In moral matters, parents should ________
A. observe the rules themselves
B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D.consistently ensure the security of their children
参考答案解析
1.[B] 现实细节题。第1段第1句中的every parent，often等词讲明这类做法在怙恃中黑白常遍及的，明显B与之相符。A说法无原文根据，且由原文可看出题干所述局面是很难防止的;C中dangerous—词在原文中本是润色其他心情，故C不符;D是过量地让孩子考生自己一个独处的结果,不是题干所述行为的结果。
2.[C] 推理判别题。第1段第2句证明怙恃逼得过分分，应防止。后一句则证明对小孩太任其自然异样倒霉。由这两点，咱们可以做出如下判别：怙恃对孩子的“严”和“松”之间有一个适当的“度”。C与之相符。
3.[C] 现实细节题。文章第2段讲明：不一样的家长对孩子的管制水平不一样;家长对小孩的管制不只是为了孩子自己个人的幸运，也反应了怙恃的需要以及社区的代价观，故C与原文相符。
4.[D] 词义明白题。由precept所在句可推测precept应与example绝对，且与下文的preach意义附近，故D正确。
5.[A] 推理判别题。第3段提到怙恃应该防止讲一套做一套，联合后一段可得出结果：对于头脑品德教育问题，怙恃应身先士卒，带头遵照，故A正确。