2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读明白3篇
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【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读明白
The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keepthe oil industry under control. A new law limitsexploration to an area south of the southern end ofthe long coastline; production limits have been laiddown (though these have already been raised); andoil companies have not been allowed to employmore than a limited number of foreign workers. Butthe oil industry has a way of getting over suchproblems, and few people believe that theGovernment will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: “We willsoon be changed beyond all recognition.”
Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a progra妹妹e of development inthe area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this progra妹妹e has had a greatdeal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospitaland a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, andwithin a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industriesand the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smallerindustries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers andfishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride asessentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oilindustry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
1. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to
[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.
[B] slow down the rate of its development.
[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.
[D] develop more quickly than at present.
2. The Norwegian Government has tried to
[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.
[B] prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.
[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.
[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.
3. According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to
[A] the development of industry.
[B] a growth in population.
[C] the failure of the development progra妹妹e.
[D] the development of new towns.
4. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be
[A] a large reduction on unemployment.
[B] a growth in the tourist industry.
[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.
[D] the development of a number of service industries.
5. Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because
[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.
[B] their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.
[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.
[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.
Vocabulary
1. Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人
2. coastline 海岸线
3. recognition 承认;熟悉;欣赏
4. countryside 乡间;乡民
难句译注
1. A new law limits exploration to an area southof the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oilcompanies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.
【构造简析】用两个分号连接三句句子。
【参考译文】一条新的法律限定人们仅在长长的海岸线南端以南地域进行勘察考核;规章制度要求了煤油消费限量(尽管已提升);煤油公司雇佣本国工人不准超越限制额。
2. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in whichthe service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.
【参考译文】因为快要百分之一百失业率，每一个人都能看出形式发展中服务行业和游览 行业的大部合作人会跑到煤油产业方面去。
3. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are animportant part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regardwith pride as essentially Norwegian.
【构造简析】复合句。在because状语从句中that是定语从句润色qualities。
【参考译文】尽管农夫和渔民其实不占生齿的绝大少数，可是他们都是生齿的关键构成不分，由于挪威人在他们身上看到很多他们骄傲地以为是挪威人的基本品质。
写作要领与文章粗心
文章叙述“挪威国家意欲控制煤油产业”。采取比照写法。先提出国家新政策的各种限定。但煤油产业有措施敷衍。人们都以为限定难以恒久。其次报告，从战时起，挪威国家不断履行开辟北极圈北部地域的发展规划，也获得完成。但煤油产业已经启动向北方进军，南方政策能够会失利。煤油产业之影响超越南方，有些企业减少，淘汰。后一段是讲争辩的核心：煤油对挪威生活方法组成了要挟，详细体现在对挪威期望的代表――渔民和农夫的要挟。
答案解析详解
1. B 减慢发展速度。文章启动就阐明挪威国家正养精蓄锐把煤油产业控制起来，制订新法律来限定勘察开采，限定产量，限定雇佣本国工人人数。A. 为本国工人提供更多的工作。C.卖失落正在外洋消费的煤油。D.比目前发展更快。
2. D 使煤油产业坚持在靠近目前的范围。A. 勉励煤油公司去发现新煤油资本。B.阻止煤油公司雇佣来自挪威南方的人。C.帮助煤油公司处理很多问题。
3. C 发展规划的失利。这在第二段后一句：“可是煤油产业已经启动把人们吸收到北方去，因此不出几年，全部南方政策能够成泡影。”A.产业发展。B.生齿增加。D.新城市的发展。文内没有触及。
4. C 现存产业数的淘汰。第三段启动“可是煤油产业的影响其实不仅仅限于南方。近百分之一百的失业率，使每一个人都见到发展的势头，服务业和游览业的好多工人转向煤油产业。某些较小的产业，在从外洋购进货品更自制的情形下，极可能会所有消逝。”这证明产业数淘汰。A.大大淘汰赋闲。B.游览 行业增加。D.很多服务公司发展。文内没有提。
5. B 他们的生活和代价代表了挪威人的期望。A.他们构成了那么大一部分挪威期望。C.他们的工尴尬刁难挪威社会的其他方面很是有用。D.他们以为煤油是对挪威生活方法的要挟。后一段第一句话：“对煤油真实的争辩点是它对挪威生活方法的一种要挟。”并非他们以为要挟。
【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读明白
Yes, but what did we use to do before there wastelevision? How often we hear statements like this! Television hasn't been with us all that long, but weare already beginning to forget what the world was like without it. Before we admitted the one-eyed monster into our homes, we never fond it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used toenjoy civilized pleasures. For instance, we used to have hobbies, we used to entertain ourfriends and be entertained by them, we used to go outside for our amusements to theatres, cinemas, restaurants and sporting events. We even used to read books and listen to music andbroadcast talks occasionally. All that belongs to the past. Now all our free time is regulatedby the goggle box. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or thatprogra妹妹e. We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal, exchanging the news of the day. A sandwich and a glass of beer will do anything, providing itdoesn't interfere with the progra妹妹e. The monster demands and obtains absolute silenceand attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a progra妹妹e, he isquickly silenced.
Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly. Food is left uneaten, homeworkundone and sleep is lost. The telly is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice formother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living-room and turning on the set. Itdoesn't matter that the children will watch rubbishy co妹妹ercials or spectacles of sadism andviolence so long as they are quiet.
There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Every day, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the progra妹妹es areso bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same progra妹妹es, the whole world becomes a village, and society isreduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate co妹妹unities. We become utterlydependent on the two most primitive media of co妹妹unication: pictures and the spokenword.
Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with second-handexperiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy, we choose to spend a fine day insemi-darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out into the world itself. Television may be ssplendid medium of co妹妹unication, but it prevents us from co妹妹unicating with each other. We only become aware how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend aholiday by the sea or in the mountains, far away from civilization. In quiet, naturalsurroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly.
1. What is the biggest harm of TV?
[A] It deprives people of co妹妹unication with the real world.
[B] People become lazy.
[C] People become dependent on second-hand experience.
[D] TV consumes a large part of one's life.
2. In what way can people forget TV?
[A] Far away from civilization.
[B] To a mountain.
[C] By the sea.
[D] In quiet natural surroundings.
3. What does a mother usually do to keep her children quiet?
[A] Let them watch the set.
[B] Put them in the living room.
[C] Let them watch the rubbish.
[D] Let them alone.
4. What does the first sentence in the first paragraph mean?
[A] We found it difficult to occupy our spare time.
[B] We become addicted to TV.
[C] What we used to do is different from now.
[D] We used to enjoy civilized pleasures.
Vocabulary
1. goggle 迁移转变眸子，怒视
goggle box (英俚)电视机
2. gulp 饥不择食
3. telly 电视机
4. pacifier 停息者，宽慰者。这里指清静人，令人不吱声的东西。
5. rubbishy 渣滓的，无代价的
6. sadism 施淫虐
7. glue 胶(水);粘牢
glue to the sets 和电视机粘在一同，指成为了电视迷
8. hypnotic 催眠的
难句译注
1. There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world.
【参考译文】
写作要领与文章粗心
这是一篇论述“电视无害”的文章。采取比照分析伎俩。先提出问题，比照已往和目前“已往在业余时间，咱们享用文化的欢喜，有种种癖好，款待小伙伴，探友，外出文娱，在家念书听音乐……目前全部受电视支配。慌忙赶回家，饥不择食地吃完饭为的是准时看某个电视节目。只需不滋扰节目，吃什么均可以!一块三明治，一杯啤酒就行。看时，谁都不准语言，完全没有了已往的那种安闲，坐在一同吃晚餐，互相攀谈白昼的全部。”
而后列出电视各种恶果：全部几代人成为了电视迷，连孩子也无法必然，电视耗费了发批量的缔造性工作，人们成为以复电视生存的人，主动文娱，阻止咱们和实际天下交换。
后结果：到大自然去，忘记电视。
答案解析详解
1. A 它褫夺了人们和实际天下的联络。文章屡次提到目前咱们无法省亲探友，一家人互不交换，而一旦脱离电视就进入了真是天下。B. 人变懒。C. 人们变得依附二手经验。D. 电视铺张了人生的发批量时间。这三项只是风险重详细一个构成部分。
2. D 在安定的大自然的度量中。答案解析在后一段后一句“在宁静平静的大自然环境中，咱们很快发现咱们对催眠的电视暴君连想都不怎样想!”A. 阔别文化。B.去山上。C.在海边。
3. A 叫他们看电视。这在第二段第三句起“电视是一个全能平静器。母亲为使孩子们平静，就把他们放在起居室内，翻开电视看。这是目前的一招。至于孩子们看的使渣滓般的贸易告白，照旧施淫虐或暴力片都有关紧急，只需他们平静不闹。”B.把他们搁在起居室。C.让他们看渣滓片。都是此中的详细一部分。D.让他们呆着。没有提到。
4. B 咱们都成为了电视迷。第一句“是的，可是没有电视以前，咱们常干些什么?”这证明人们已经习气于电视，以复电视，到了没有电视怎样办的田地。不了解没有电视前的情形。第二段“全部几代人愈来愈迷上了电视，饭不吃，家务不干，不睡觉。”可以说整篇文章都形貌了人们对电视贪恋，依附。第一句话是弁言。因此B对。A. 难以消遣。只是人们的一种感触感染。C.已往和目前不一样。是一种比照，并无点出这句话的真正内在。D.享用文化欢喜。是已往所作的一个详细例子。
【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读明白
If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite link between smoking andbronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. Noone will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case ofwishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in goodcompany. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of mostcountries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have takentimid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way tosmoky, cancerous death.
You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findingshave been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful co妹妹odity totax. It's almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britaincollects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authoritiespoint out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesn't do to shouttoo loudly about it.
This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerlycollected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering fromthe disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt thateverybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.
Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the worldwere honestly concerned bout the welfare of their peoples, you’d think they'd conductaggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spendstaggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are nevershown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would neverdo. The advertisement always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manlyto smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, withbeautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!
For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising andshould then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should bebanned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be madeto inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrificwarning – say, a picture of a death’s head should be included in every packet of cigarettes thatis sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly andcourageously, they could protect us from ourselves.
1. Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking?
[A] because they are afraid of people.
[B] Because diseases cost a lot.
[C] Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.
[D] Because they are afraid of manufacturers.
2. The tone of this passage is
[A] critical.
[B] ironical.
[C] distaste.
[D] amusing.
3. What does the sentence "because you are in good company" mean?
[A] you are backed by the government.
[B] You are not alone.
[C] You have good colleagues.
[D] Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.
4. What is the best title of this passage?
[A] World Governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.
[B] World governments take timid measures against smoking.
[C] smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.
[D] tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.
Vocabulary
1. a wishful thinking 根据愿望的设法主意，不顾现实的设法主意
2. puff 喷
puff its way to 一起吞云吐雾走向(指吸烟抽到逝世)
3. lukewarm 淡漠/淡然
4. insidious 凶险的，狡诈的
5. virile 老态龙钟的
写作要领与文章粗心
这是一篇“要求国家禁烟”的议论文，采取因果比照伎俩。先以讥笑口气指出国家对禁烟的立场――脆弱有力。而后点明脆弱的缘故原由――发批量税收。再以吸烟大严峻结果，机械所花去的钱证明得失相当。而烟草产业告白众多，毒化人们。从而提出国家应从禁止烟告白作起。
答案解析详解
1. C 由于他们畏惧支出淘汰。答案解析见第二段。“你不用看得很远就可以发现为何官方对医学成果的反映云云淡漠，答案解析便是钱。烟草是纳税的巧妙的商品，险些就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项，英国国家就从吸烟人身上征到足以支付全部教育办法的价格。因此在*那么审慎地指出抽烟无害时，可以设想，喊叫得太响时不行的。”A.他们畏惧人民。D.他们畏惧厂商。文中没有。B.疾病破费很大和脆弱有力的禁烟办法相关。不是破费大而采用弱政策。
2. B 讥笑语气。特殊体现在第一段、第四段。A.品评语气，整篇文章都在品评，这不是什么语气问题。这里时以讥笑的口气加以品评国家脆弱的禁烟政策。C.讨厌。D.风趣。
3. D 国家对抽烟的恶果也是置若罔闻。A.国家支持。太清朗化。B.你不是独自一人。和C.你有好共事，都是貌同实异的答案解析。这可以上下文证明，第一段：“如果你抽烟，仍然以为抽烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫有关系，那你是掩耳盗铃。可没有人会说你虚假。咱们可以说你是得了两相情愿病。这你无需太舒服，由于你有好伙伴。每一当提出抽烟和健康相关的问题时，大少数国家的国家对其恶果置若罔闻、置若罔闻、嗅而不觉。”
4. A 天下列国国家应该展开眼里的禁烟活动。由于前面四段都是局面：⑴政策脆弱。如英国国家只在电视上禁止烟草告白以高位人们的知己。另外一方面人民继续一起吞云吐雾走到癌症殒命。⑵讲烟草的税收高，因此不严禁。⑶这项政策的结果是疾病破费大于烟草税收。⑷烟草告白众多迫害人。挽救的措施便是禁烟。后一段是结果，也是一语道破的主题和题目。“作为起步，国家可以从禁止烟草告白启动，而后应展开抵抗抽烟的告白活动。全部大众场所，如剧场、影戏院、返点等应禁止抽烟。应养精蓄锐申饬青年，特别是申饬他们染上恶习的严峻结果。在零卖的每一包烟盒上应有一使人提心吊胆的忠告：比方，一幅骷髅头画像。作为自己个人，咱们气力单薄，可是若是国家朴拙地鼓动民气的准备起来，他们可以掩护咱们。”B.天下列国国家采用禁烟政策脆弱有力。C.抽烟是很多国家关键支出。这两项是不分详细内容。D.烟草工场在医疗研究上花了大笔价格。